Section 01
Retrieval
Retrieval practice is the best-supported finding in this literature and among the least used. The entries here cover what the act of recall does to a memory, how much of the benefit depends on the attempt being effortful, and when a correction has to arrive to be any use.
Entries in this section
3 of the register’s 21 entries.
- The testing effectRoediger and Karpicke found that students who re-read felt more confident and remembered far less than students who tested themselves — retrieval is a learning event, not a measurement of one.Replicates broadly
- Retrieval difficultyEffortful recall produces more durable memory than easy recall, which is why a hint given too early costs something.Robust, bounded
- Feedback timingDelayed feedback often beats immediate feedback, against most people's intuition.Mixed